Johnson died in 1849 in White Plains , a . And if history is any guide to understanding the genesis of a countrys pregnant palaver, and how that palaver, i.e., ethnicity, inequality, injustice, peace, reconciliation and national unity are addressed, the Liberian experience is no exception. Roberts advised the ACS that a formal declaration of independence was the only way out for Liberia. Independence Day July 26th (1847) Decoration Day 2nd Wednesday in March Flag Day August 24th J.J. Roberts Birthday 1st President of Liberia - March 15th Thanksgiving Day 1st Thursday in November Fast & Prayer Day 2nd Friday in April W.V.S. A young African American man from Virginia named Joseph Jenkins Roberts declared the colony of Liberia in West Africa an independent republic on July 26, 1847. [citation needed] Unable to maintain its own defense, Maryland appealed for help to Liberia, its more powerful neighbor. The goal of the Declarations authors was still quite revolutionary: to extend the sphere of European international relations across the Atlantic Ocean by turning dependent colonies into independent political actors. The Declaration of independence of Liberia was written by Hilary Teage, and twelve men from the three original counties: Montserrado, Grand Bassa and Sinoe that served as representatives to the Constitutional Convention, which convened in Monrovia on July 5, 1847, signed the Declaration of Independence. Anything short of the message by President Johnson regarding the civil rights of African Americans will prevent Liberians from uniting as one nation and people. George Weah is Guilty of Not Doing His Job As President of Liberia, Liberia Economic Development Initiative (LEDI). licensees Prescientific weekdays. Close suggestions Search Search. 103 views, 5 likes, 1 loves, 1 comments, 0 shares, Facebook Watch Videos from New Jersey Historical Commission - NJHC: What does the 4th of July mean to you? What happened to the TWELVETH Person? Under the auspices and guidance of this institution, which has nobly and in perfect faith redeemed its pledges to the people, we have grown and prospered. And, as the first successful declaration of independence in world history, its example helped to inspire countless movements for independence, self-determination, and revolution after 1776. and hatted Kaiser never republish balletically when Nathaniel dry-cleans All us assistance of liberian constitution can be sure to protect universal . To the majority of the people, it means nothing. In 1846, the ACS surrendered all control of the colony which encouraged the independence of Liberia. Personally, I believe had we gotten involved at an early age, we would have helped to educate our people regarding what was wrong in our country and how it could be resolved amicably. Liberia spearheaded Africas drive for political freedom, helping its brothers forge a continent of proud and sovereign nations. According to many Liberian historians, the Liberian Flag was designed by the seven women mentioned earlier in this article. Liberia is an asylum from the most grinding oppression. In 1834 the new colony was named the Republic of Maryland, and was later renamed Maryland-in-Africa. In this early period, the Liberian Declaration of Independence (1847), composed by the Virginia-born African American Hilary Teague, alone enshrined the recognition of "certain inalienable rights; among these are life, liberty, and the right to acquire, possess, enjoy, . The eleven stripes represent the eleven signers of the Declaration of Independence (actually, they were twelve: 6 from Montserrado County, 4 from Grand Bassa County, and 2 from Sinoe County, making the number twelve). The document inspired diplomatic debate in France but that potential ally only began serious negotiations after the American victory at the Battle of Saratoga in October 1777. One of its most enthusiastic admirers was the nineteenth-century Hungarian nationalist, Lajos Kossuth: for him, the Declaration was nothing less than "the noblest, happiest page in mankinds history. The dark blue canton in the upper left corner stands for fidelity and the continent of Africa. The truth of the matter is, Liberian elites and Liberian Government officials are NOT serious about making changes to our national symbols. The problem I find with the annual Flag Day celebration is, speaker after speaker failed to introduce new ideas about the flag; instead, they continue to promote the same political and cultural divide that has failed to unite us as one people since the founding of the Republic. There have been social imbalance, cultural imbalance, economic imbalance and many more. The West African nation is the first democratic republic in African history as the United States accepted its sovereignty on July 26, 1847. The eleven horizontal stripes represent the eleven signers of the declaration of independence and the constitution of the Republic of Liberia; the blue field . But while we were pushing for Africans self-determination in other territories, we disenfranchised our own indigenous peoples. The motto The Love Of Liberty Brought Us Here is a constant reminder that the country is still divided on Settlers and indigenous line. Tensions were already extremely volatile between the Americo-Liberians and Indigenous peoples who were historically terrorized and even enslaved by the Maryland settlers who had once been enslaved themselves. Seven women are credited with designing this national symbol. Roberts had moved there in 1829 at the age of twenty from Petersburg . The flag was designed during the American Revolution and it features 13 stars representing the original 13 colonies. SIGNATORIES OF DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE. More than half of the 192 countries now represented at the United Nations have a founding document that can be called a declaration of independence. The effects of the dual society that prevailed here are still evident today, as the majority of our population still lives in abject poverty, without food, clean water or electricity. Since grade school, I have been bothered with the number discrepancy. B Samuel Benedict D John Day (judge) G Anthony W. Gardiner John B. Gripon J Elijah Johnson (agent) T Hilary Teague Founding of Liberia, 1847 The founding of Liberia in the early 1800s was motivated by the domestic politics of slavery and race in the United States as well as by U.S. foreign policy interests. Our churches for the worship of our Creator, everywhere to be seen, bear testimony to our piety, and to our acknowledgement of his Providence. It was also known as the Republic of Maryland. In the twentieth century, nationalists in Central Europe and Korea after the First World War staked their claims to sovereignty by going to Independence Hall in Philadelphia. The Keynote Speaker of the day was Dr. Joseph Isaac, President of the African Methodist Episcopal University (AMEU). It did so in the conventional language of the contemporary law of nations drawn from the hugely influential book of that title (1758) by the Swiss jurist Emer de Vattel, a copy of which Benjamin Franklin had sent to Congress in 1775. that as FREE AND INDEPENDENT STATES, they have full Power to levy War, conclude Peace, contract Alliances, establish Commerce, and to do all other Acts and Things which INDEPENDENT STATES may of right do. This page was last edited on 8 May 2022, at 06:49. This observation was captured in the Daily Observers Monday, August 24, 2015 editorial, titled: Why The Flag Means Everything And Nothing.. No American document has had a greater global impact than the Declaration of Independence. The Liberian constitution flag was then modelled after the US Constitution and flag because nearly all of Liberias founders were either free people of colour and former slaves who had emigrated as colonists from the US. The Commission worked for three and half years (July 22, 1974 January 24, 1978) and submitted its findings to the President. The international community did not recognize that declaration because, unlike many similar pronouncements made during the process of decolonization by other African countries, it did not speak on behalf of all the people of their country. Many, many years ago, a student in my Zion Academy Junior High School platoon (at the time, I was the Major for the school; second to Godfrey Tetteh Darpoh of St. Patrick Elementary School in drilling) fainted in line; when he was revived, and asked, What is wrong with you? He said, I had nothing to eat his morning. While between 1822 and the American Civil War, nearly 15,000 African Americans settled in Liberia, it was in 1847 that the Liberian Declaration of Independence, which is a document by the Liberian Constitutional Convention, was adopted to announce that the Commonwealth of Liberia was an independent state known as the Republic of Liberia. Here, they would establish a colony in modern-day Liberia but at a tremendous cost. DECLARATION BY THE PRESIDENT WHEREAS, upon Declaration of Independence on July 26, 1847, Liberia became the first Republic in Africa to be led by people of African descent and became known throughout the world as the torch bearer of freedom and a beacon of . We, the representatives of the people of the Commonwealth of Liberia, in Convention assembled, invested with authority for forming a new Government, relying upon the aid and protection of the great Arbiter of human events, do hereby, in the name and on behalf of the people of this Commonwealth, publish and declare the said Collinonwealth a FREE, SOVEREIGN AND INDEPENDENT STATE, by the name and style of the REPUBLIC of LIBERIA. Vattels was a language of rights and freedom, sovereignty and independence, and the Declarations use of his terms was designed to reassure the world beyond North America that the United States would abide by the rules of international behavior. Honestly, many of us are sick and tired of listening to speaker after speaker repeating the same old story about the importance of the Liberian flag and what it means to the citizens and the country. It was written by Hilary Teague, a native of Virginia who went on to become a. By the practice and consent of men in all ages, some system or form of government is proven to be necessary to exercise, enjoy, and secure these rights: and every people has a right to institute a government and to choose and adopt that system or form of it, which, in their opinion, will most effectually accomplish these objects, and secure their happiness, which does not interfere with the just rights of others. The ACS also thought that the prolonged presence of freed slaves in America could threaten the stability of the system of slavery established throughout the country. In 1816, a group of white Americans founded the American Colonization Society (ACS) to deal with the "problem" of the growing number of free blacks in the United States by resettling them in Africa. Their declarations of independence, like the American Declaration, informed the world that one people or state was now assertingor, in many cases in the second half of the twentieth century re-assertingits sovereignty and independence. The Liberian Declaration of Independence is a document adopted by the Liberian Constitutional Convention on 26 July 1847, to announce that the Commonwealth of Liberia, a colony founded and. They earned supports on the basis of the handouts they providebrown envelopes hand delivered at night to these unprincipled supporters. Liberia is not the offspring of grasping abition, nor the tool of avaricious speculation. A costly ciil war that began in 1989 lasted until 1997 after which Charles Taylor was elected Liberian president in free elections. The FrontPageAfricas August 28, 2015 made similar observation in its editorial titled: Liberias 85% Poverty Level Staggering, Genuine Actions Needed To Rescue Dying. He is also an Honorary Professor of History at the University of Sydney. The Declaration of Independence was primarily a declaration of interdependence with the other powers of the earth. He said: You do not wipe away the scars of centuries by saying: now you are free to go where you want, do as you desire, and choose the leaders you please. You do not take a man who for years has been hobbled by chains, liberate him, bring him to the starting line of a race, saying, you are free to complete with all the others, and still justly believe you have been completely fair. We, the people of the Republic of Liberia, were originally the inhabitants of the United States of North America. The West African nation is the first democratic republic in African history as the United States accepted its sovereignty on July 26, 1847. It was in 1847 that Liberia officially became an independent nation (more on this later). Formed in 1816, the American Colonization Society (ACS) was one organization that proposed a unique solution to the slavery question: what would happen to African Americans once slavery was abolished? To add insults to injury, on every Flag Day we are asked to remain patriotic. READ:Marine Conservationists Send Back Rescued Turtle Into The Sea Near Canary Islands. The white star signifies the first independent western-influenced republic in Africa, above the blue square signifying the African continent. This divide should have been resolved 41 years ago. For example, in 1811, Venezuelas representatives declared "that these united Provinces are, and ought to be, from this day, by act and right, Free, Sovereign, and Independent States." Elijah Johnson. To many people, the national flag is a symbol of pride, fidelity, and dignity. The Commission came into existence purposely due to persistent calls from citizens who felt that certain national symbols were divisive; therefore, they needed to be revised in order to include all of the citizens of the Republic of Liberia. The Government appropriates funds for other programs; this is one program that funds could benefit. In the August 25, 2015 edition of the FrontPageAfrica, an article was published under the caption: Flag Day: Dont Change Liberian Flag, Orator Urges Patriotism. . Among the few are those of Liberia (1847) and Vietnam (1945). The Franco-American Treaty of Amity and Commerce of February 1778 was the first formal recognition of the United States as "free and independent states." July 26, 1847. Serving you since 2002. Liberia is already the happy home of thousands, who were once the doomed victims of oppression; and if left unmolested to go on with her natural and spontaneous growth; if her movements be left free from the paralysing intrigues of jealous ambition and unscrupulous avarice, she will throw open a wider and a wider door for thousands who are now looking with an anxious eye for some land of rest. The flags of most of the civilized nations of the earth float in our harbours, and their merchants are opening an honourable and profitable trade. The Republic of Liberia which was formerly a colony of the American Colonisation Society (ACS) declared its independence on this day in 1847. Tomorrow is Independence Day, July 26, 2022 and it marks the 175 th anniversary of Liberia's independence declared on this date in July 1847. Ours courts of justice are open equally to the stranger and the citizen for the redress of grievances, for the remedy of injuries, and for the punishment of crime. This is the next and more profound stage of the battle for civil rights. In January 1790, the Austrian province of Flanders expressed a desire to become a free and independent state in a document whose concluding lines drew directly on a French translation of the American Declaration. It reads: LIBERIA IS A resource rich country blessed with deposits of iron ore, gold and having vast natural rain forest. All our content comes from Wikipedia and under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. In the early 19th century, the abolitionist movement was gaining momentum and the topic of slavery was one of the biggest political debates. The signatories to the Declaration of Independence are TWELVE, but only the number ELEVEN is mentioned. Whilst announcing to the nations of the world the new position which the people of this Republic have felt themselves called upon to assume, courtesy to their opinion seems to demand a brief accompanying statement of the causes which induced them, first to expatriate themselves from the land of their nativity and to form settlements on this barbarous coast, and now to organize their government by the assumption of a sovereign and independent character. $7.99. Fewer than half of the current powers of the earth have so far recognized this Kosovar declaration. THE POPULATION IS far lower than many countries on the continent, with less than four million people, it is one of the least populated in West. Only after the War of 1812 and the end of the Napoleonic Wars in 1815, did it become revered as the foundation of a newly emergent American patriotism. Roy Stilling, 04 December 1996. The Declaration partially relied upon the United States Declaration of Independence, in particular its discussion of natural law: We recognize in all men certain inalienable rights; among these are life, liberty, and the right to acquire, possess, enjoy, and defend property. The new constitution would create a President with executive powers and a bicameral Legislature. The Society, having surrendered all control of the colony in January 1846, fully encouraged the independence of Liberia. The 11 stripes symbolize the 11 signatories of the Liberian Declaration of Independence and the white star represents the shining light of the new republic in the dark continent, represented by the blue field. The Liberian Declaration of Independence is a remarkable document, clearly modeled on its American counterpart. Among the strongest motives to leave our native land--to abandon for ever the scenes of our childhood, and tor sever the most endeared connections, was the desire for a retreat where, free from the agitations of fear and molestation, we could, in composure and security, approach in worship the God of our Fathers. The Commonwealth of Liberia declared its independence from the American Colonization Society on 26 July 1847, as the Republic of Liberia, creating Africa's first independent republic. The National Archives of Liberia, led by Director General Emmanuel Lomax, displayed the original 1847 Declaration of Independence and the Constitution of Liberia within the church as well. The sovereignty of states, as laid out in the opening and closing paragraphs of the American Declaration, was the main message other peoples beyond America heard in the document after 1776. However, Ho immediately updated those words: "In a broader sense, this means: All the peoples of the earth are equal from birth, all the peoples have a right to live, to be happy and free." Their inaccuracy in this area is the reason for which I decided to write this article. The Liberian Flag was approved on August 24, 1847, exactly one month after the country declared independence. The Declaration of Independence of Liberia is published by the Liberian Constitution agreement on July 16, 1847statement, which says basically that the colony " commonwealth Liberia ", founded by the American Colonization Society, was raised to the new Republicof Liberia. The Declaration of Independence in World Context Begin at the Beginning Where better to begin . Amos Herring 9. >Soon afterward, local tribes including the Grebo and the Kru attacked the State of Maryland in retaliation for its disruption of the slave trade, by which they had profited. Even the white minority government of Southern Rhodesia in 1965 made their unilateral declaration of independence from the British Parliament by adopting the form of the 1776 Declaration, though they ended it with a royalist salutation: "God Save the Queen!" Dr. We uttered our complaints, but they were unattended to, or met only by alleging the peculiar institutions of the country. The ACS consisted of Quakers and slaveholders who believed repatriation could avoid slave rebellions like the Haitian slave revolution that concluded in 1804. The Commonwealth of Liberia declared its independence from the American Colonization Society on 26 July 1847, as the Republic of Liberia, creating Africa's first independent republic. By 1867, the ACS had transported over 12,000 people to Maryland-in-Africa which was starting to take on its own identity and customs. This made Liberia the first independent nation in Africa, as well as the first oldest modern republic. $3.25. Under these circumstances, we cannot expect them to embrace the flag. A white five-pointed star appears on a blue square in the upper hoist-side corner. This years orator, Dr. Joseph Isaac could have appealed to the Government to make funds available to schools on Flag Day to provide refreshments: snacks, soft drinks or cold drinking water; instead, he urged thirsty and hungry students, and starving citizens to remain patriotic. It reminds me Mind your business or Your leave the peoples thing alone that as youth we were advised not to get involve in vexed Liberian issues. THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE A Declaration of Independence by the Representatives of the People of the Commonwealth of Liberia in Convention Assembled. Unlike its neighbors, however, Liberia did not fall under European colonial rule. The Declaration was written by Hilary Teague and adopted simultaneously with the first . one People to dissolve the Political Bands which have connected them with another, and to assume among the Powers of the Earth, the separate and equal Station to which the Laws of Nature and of Natures God entitle them. Strangers from all lands of a colour different from ours were preferred before us. Almost a century later, in September 1945, the Vietnamese leader Ho Chi Minh opened his declaration of independence with the "immortal statement" from the 1776 Declaration: "All men are created equal. We were practically forced to drill in the rain without any refreshments; i.e., snacks, soft drinks or cold drinking water to quench our thirst. Invocations of the American Declarations second paragraph in later declarations of independence are conspicuous by their scarcity. The Republic of Maryland recognized that it could not survive as an independent state, and following a referendum, Maryland was annexed by Liberia on April 6, 1857, becoming known as Maryland County. It was in 1820 that the first former American slaves arrived at the British colony of Sierra Leone from the US and next year the ACS founded the colony of Liberia south of Sierra Leone as a homeland for former slaves outside the British jurisdiction. The native African, bowing down with us before the altar of the Living God, declares that from us, feeble as we are, the light of Christianity has gone forth; while upon that curse of curses, the slave trade, a deadly blight has fallen as far as our influence extends. No desire for territorial aggrandizement brought us to these shores; nor do we believe that so sordid a motive entered into the high consideration of those who aided us in providing this asylum. The eleven bands represent the signatories of the Liberian Declaration of Independence, red and white representing courage and moral fineness. For years past the American Colonization Society has faithfully withdrawn from all direct and active part in the administration of the Government, except in the appointment of the Governor, who is also a colonist, for the apparent purpose of testing the ability of the people to conduct the affairs of government, and no complaint of crude legislation nor mismanagement, nor of maladministration has yet been heard. By late _____, officials of the Commonwealth of Liberia were considering independence and being in total control of the affairs of Liberia for economic reasons. Liberia is one of the world's hungriest countries, considered to be suffering from serious levels of hunger. Liberian Declaration Of Independence. While most Americans of African descent were not enthusiastic to abandon their native lands in the US for the harsh West African cost, after independence, Liberia aided Britain in its efforts to end the illegal West African slave trade. The Liberian flag bears a close resemblance to the flag of the United States; showing the ex-American and ex- Caribbean slaves origins of the country. This was chosen because since 1822 the freed slaves from the US have been settling in Liberia. For example on July 22, 1974, the Liberian National Legislature enacted an Act authorizing the late President William Richard Tolbert, Jr. to set up a commission to address the issue of Liberias National Symbols. [1] It was approved by 79% of voters (although only 272 people voted). Imitations of the Declaration were also slow in coming. Credible. It was adopted by the Settlers' Convention on July 26, 1847. 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